Banksia plants are Australian emblems, famous for their colourful flowers and dark, knobbly seed pods — the inspiration of May Gibbs’ big bad banksia men. Just like those banksia men, unerringly creepy after all those decades, their real-life counterparts may be just as resilient to the impacts of climate change.
Researchers from The University of Western Australia (UWA) and Department of Parks and Wildlife (WA) surveyed six iconic banksia to assess the impact of climate change in south-west Western Australia. Since the 1970s, south west Western Australia – one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots – has become warmer and significantly drier. In addition, the science of biodiversity has gone digital, through Australia’s largest online biodiversity resource, our Atlas of Living Australia (ALA).
Honours student Sarah Randell from UWA deployed an army of 40 citizen scientists to survey six banksia species at 300 different sites between Kalbarri and Albany. They then compared the results with data collected over 25 years ago for the Banksia Atlas, another citizen science project, which is now freely available through the ALA.
“We wanted to find out whether the banksias recorded in the 1980s are still there or, as predicted by modelling studies, are contracting southwards as a result of climate change,” Dr Kevin Thiele, Adjunct Senior Lecturer, UWA, said. The ALA was used to select the 300 different sites to visit, and the open source analysis tools were used to plot banksia distribution against climate conditions.
“The climate change experienced since the 1970’s in the Southwest doesn’t seem to have affected the six banksia plants in this area. Weed invasion is so far the best predictor of local extinction for these species,” said Dr Thiele.
“These results accord well with other research that shows the best way to ensure resilience against climate change is to maintain healthy weed-free ecosystems.”
For the moment, it seems our big bad banksia men are not intimidated by hotter and drier conditions, but stay tuned.
“Resources like the ALA make species distribution studies much easier to carry out. These sites can be visited again in future, allowing these species to be used as a type of early-warning system for climate change loss,” Dr Thiele said.
The results of the study will be presented at the Third Atlas of Living Australia Science Symposium at the Kieran Mcnamara Conservation Science Centre in Kensington, Perth from 11th – 13th May. The event is co-hosted by the Department of Parks and Wildlife (Western Australia) and the Atlas of Living Australia.
The Atlas of Living Australia has been operating since 2007, providing free, online access to more than 60 million records on over 100,000 Australian species. You can find the Atlas of Living Australia here.
